Texts and Translations
The sources behind the biblical texts on this site, and their licenses.
Scripture is displayed in English: the default translation for each Testament is marked below, and any other translation is cited explicitly by abbreviation wherever it is used. The Greek and Hebrew rows document the underlying source texts (what the English renders or can be compared against) rather than texts currently shown on the page. The main sources were drawn from ebible.org, a free catalog of public-domain and openly licensed Bibles; each entry below notes its eBible.org identifier.
Old Testament
| Language | Source text | Textual basis | License |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | Updated Brenton English Septuagint (ENGLXXUP) | Septuagint · DEFAULT | Public Domain (CC0) |
| English | World English Bible (WEB) | Masoretic · alternative | Public Domain |
| Greek | Brenton Septuagint (GRCBRENT) | Septuagint | Public Domain |
| Hebrew | Westminster Leningrad Codex (HEBWLC) | Masoretic | Public Domain |
New Testament
| Language | Source text | Textual basis | License |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | Text-Critical English New Testament / BTV (TCENT) | Byzantine · DEFAULT | CC BY 4.0 |
| English | World English Bible (WEB) | Byzantine Majority · alternative | Public Domain |
| Greek | Η Καινή Διαθήκη — Byzantine Greek NT (GRCBYZ) | Patriarchal, 1904 | Public Domain |
What is the Septuagint (LXX)?
The Septuagint is an early Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible. The word septugaginta is Latin for the number 70, and so it is commonly abbreviated with the equivalent Roman numerals (LXX). This is the Bible that the apostles and most early Christians read, and is the main Bible that the New Testament authors quoted from. The Septuagint contains additional books (and different content in several books) than the later Hebrew canon used by many Protestant Christians today. The Eastern Orthodox Church (and other Byzantine Christian churches) considers the LXX to be canonical Scripture, along with its longer canon, the Anagignoskomena / "Readables" (called the "Apocrypha" by Protestants, and a subset of which is called the "Deuterocanon" by Roman Catholics).
Texts in detail
Updated Brenton English Septuagint ENGLXXUP
Adam Boyd's spelling-and-formatting update of Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton's 1851 English translation of the Greek Septuagint. This is the default Old Testament text on the site. Chapter and verse numbering follows the Septuagint, consistent with the Orthodox lectionary.
Brenton Septuagint GRCBRENT
The Koine Greek Septuagint — μετάφραση τῶν ἑβδομήκοντα, including the Anagignoskomena — compiled by Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton. This is the Greek underlying the English ENGLXXUP, cited here as the source text for the Old Testament in Greek.
Westminster Leningrad Codex HEBWLC
The Hebrew text of the Masoretic tradition, transcribed from the Leningrad Codex by the Westminster Hebrew Institute, Philadelphia, and maintained by the United Bible Societies. Cited as the source text for the Old Testament in Hebrew, for comparison with the Masoretic Text.
Text-Critical English New Testament / Byzantine Text Version TCENT / BTV
© Robert Adam Boyd, 2022. This is the default English New Testament text on the site. It is reformatted from USFM for display here, but its wording is unaltered. The translator's own Introduction to the New Testament is included for reference, explaining the Byzantine text, translation philosophy, and the textual notes (and their sigla). Notably:
The Byzantine Text Version differentiates between second person singular and plural by using an alternate letter (ʋ) in singular pronouns. Thus yoʋ, yoʋr, and yoʋrs indicate the singular; you, your, and yours indicate the plural.
Η Καινή Διαθήκη — Byzantine Greek New Testament GRCBYZ
The 1904 Patriarchal Greek New Testament of the Ecumenical Patriarchate, with 20 corrections from later editions — the ecclesiastical Byzantine text. Cited as the default Greek New Testament source text on this site.
World English Bible WEB
A modern public-domain English translation by M. P. Johnson (2020). For the Old Testament it follows the Hebrew Masoretic Text; for the New Testament a Byzantine Majority Text reconstruction. It is the alternative English translation here, cited explicitly whenever used.
Lectionary
Orthodox calendar and lectionary data are derived from orthocal-python by Brian Glass (MIT License), recomputed locally (Byzantique makes no live calls to any external service).
This site's commentary
All commentary and notes are © Byzantique, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
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